When a compound noun is a single word, make it plural by adding s to the end. If the compound noun is hyphenated or composed of two separate words, remember to add s only to the word that is plural. one mother-in-law ⇒ two mothers-in-law (There are two mothers, not two laws.) one director general ⇒ two directors general For the purposes of understanding how articles are used, it is important to know that nouns can be either count (can be counted) or noncount (indefinite in quantity and cannot be counted). In addition, count nouns are either singular (one) or plural (more than one).Noncount nouns are always in singular form.. For example, if we are speaking of water that has been spilled on the table, there German grammar is the set of structural rules of the German language, which in many respects is quite similar to that of the other Germanic blogger.comgh some features of German grammar, such as the formation of some of the verb forms, resemble those of English, German grammar differs from that of English in that it has, among other things, cases and gender in nouns and a strict verb
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German grammar is the set of structural rules of the German languagewhich in many respects is quite similar to that of the other Rain single or plural languages. Although some features of German grammar, such as the formation of some of the verb forms, resemble those of English, German grammar differs from that of English in that it has, among other things, cases and gender in nouns and a strict verb-second word order in main clauses.
German has retained many of the grammatical distinctions that other Germanic languages have lost in whole or in part. There are three genders and four cases, and verbs are conjugated for person and number, rain single or plural. Accordingly, German has more inflections than English, and uses more suffixes.
Owing to the gender and case distinctions, the articles have more possible forms. In addition, some prepositions combine with some of the articles. Numerals are similar to other Germanic languages. Unlike recent English, Swedish and Norwegianunits are placed before tens as in Early Modern EnglishDanishDutchYiddish and Frisian.
A German noun — excluding pluralia tantum — has one of three specific grammatical genders masculine, feminine, neuter. Nouns are declined for case nominative, accusative, dative, genitive and grammatical number singular, plural.
In German, rain single or plural, all nouns are capitalized, not just proper nouns. German has all three genders of late Proto-Indo-European —the masculine, the feminine, and the neuter. Most German nouns are of one of these genders. Nouns denoting a person, such as die Frau "woman" or der Mann "man"often agree with the natural gender of what is described.
However there exist several notable counterexamples such as das Mädchen "girl" and das Fräulein "miss"since the diminutive forms ending in -chen or -lein are grammatically neuter. Thus these are not illogical. However, gender and sex don't have to agree as in: das Weib old, regional or anthropological: "woman"; a cognate of the English "wife"der Mensch "human", male or femaleder Gast "guest", male or female; the feminine Gästin is obsolete.
Furthermore, rain single or plural German, the gender of nouns without natural gender is not comprehensively predictable. For example, the three common pieces of cutlery all have different genders: das Messer "knife" is neuter, die Gabel "fork" is feminine, and der Löffel "spoon" is masculine. Students of German are often advised to learn German nouns with their accompanying definite articleas the definite article of a German noun corresponds to the gender of the noun.
As noted above, nouns ending in -chen or -lein are neuter. Many nouns bearing both the prefix Ge- and the suffix -eas well as many nouns ending in -nis-tumor -salalso are neuter. A noun ending in -e is likely to be feminine; it is masculine when it denotes people or a few animals: die Katze "cat"rain single or plural, die Blume "flower" and die Liebe "love" are feminine, while der Bote "messenger"der Junge "boy" and der Knabe "knave" are masculine.
A few nouns ending in -e are neuter, like das Ende "end". Similarly, a noun ending in -er is likely to be masculine der Tellerder Steckerder Computer ; however, das Messer "knife" and das Wasser "water" are neuter, whereas die Mutter "mother" and die Butter "butter" are feminine. The German language has several different ways of forming the plural.
Many feminine nouns are regular but many masculine and neuter nouns are not. For example, some plurals are formed with an n or ensome with an umlaut and an eother plurals are the same as the singular, and some add er or an umlaut and er. Many loanwords as well as some dialectal or colloquial nouns, take a plural in s e. Some foreign endings, such as Latin -um code: lat promoted to code: laare deleted before the plural ending e. Special colloquial or dialectal plural forms also exist.
For example, Stöcker is often used as the plural of Stock "stick" in northern Germany, whereas the standard plural is Stöcke. Unlike English, which has lost almost all forms of declension of nouns and adjectives, German inflects nouns, adjectives, articles and pronouns into four grammatical cases.
The cases are the nominative NominativWerfall1. Fallgenitive Genitivrain single or plural, Wes[sen]fall2, rain single or plural. Falldative DativWemfallrain single or plural, 3. Falland accusative AkkusativWenfall4. The case of a particular noun depends on the grammatical function of the noun in the sentence. Note: In earlier usage th century German words derived from Latin also had a vocative and an ablative case, and some words still have a vocative e.
Jesusvocative Jesu or Jesusand Christusvocative Christe or Christus. In contrast to strongly inflected languages like LatinGerman expresses cases chiefly by inflecting the determiner that accompanies the noun rather than the noun itself. However, grammatical number singular vs.
plural is nearly always expressed by inflecting the noun der Tischrain single or plural, die Tisch e, rain single or plural. Other exceptions of a suffix expressing the case of a noun along rain single or plural the article are the forms of genitive and dative singular and dative plural.
Today, the use of the genitive case is relatively rare in spoken language - speakers sometimes substitute the dative case for the genitive in conversation. But the genitive case remains almost obligatory in written communication, public speeches and anything that is not explicitly colloquial, and it is still an important part of the Bildungssprache language of education.
Television programs and movies rain single or plural contain a mix of both, dative substitution and regular genitive, depending on how formal or "artistic" the program is intended to be. The use of the dative rain single or plural is more common in southern German dialects, rain single or plural, whereas Germans from northern regions where Luther's Bible-German had to be learned like a foreign language at that time use the genitive more frequently.
Though it has become quite common not to use the genitive case when it would formally be required, many Germans know how to use it and generally do so. Especially among the higher educated, it is considered a minor embarrassment to be caught using the dative case incorrectly. So it is not typically recommended to avoid the genitive when learning German: although the genitive has been gradually falling out of use for about years, it is still far from extinct.
The historical development of the Standardsprache has to some extent re-established the genitive into the language, and not necessarily just in written form.
For example, the genitive is rarely used in colloquial German to express a possessive relation e. das Auto meines Vaters "my father's car" may sound odd to some Germans in colloquial speechbut the partitive genitive is quite common today e. einer der Besten "one of rain single or plural best". Furthermore, some verbs take the genitive case in their object, but this is often ignored by some native speakers; instead, rain single or plural, they replace these genitive objects with substitutional prepositional constructions: e.
Ich schäme mich deiner. A German book series called Der Dativ ist dem Genitiv sein Tod "The dative is to the genitive its death" alludes rain single or plural this phenomenon being called "genitive's death struggle" by the author in its title.
In correct standard German, the title would be Der Dativ ist des Genitivs Tod "The dative is the genitive's death"or alternatively Der Dativ ist der Tod des Genitivs "The dative is the death of the genitive", rain single or plural.
As is apparent, the book uses dialect, i. by employing the dative case together with rain single or plural possessive pronoun instead of the genitive, to poke fun at what the author perceives as a decline in the German language, since in written German a dative construction replacing the genitive is still considered a major error. This is, by the way, not how most Standard German speakers would colloquially replace the genitive case; rather, this usage is prevalent in some German regional dialects, such as Bavarian.
Standard German speakers would construct Der Dativ ist der Tod vom Genitivwhich is being literally the English " of the Genitive" — incorrect in the Standard as well, but far less incriminating. Linguistically, the thesis of the genitive case dying out can easily be refuted. Indeed, the genitive case has been widely out of use in most dialects of the German language for centuries. Only the replacement of dialects by a colloquial Standard German is new, and the use of the genitive case in the written language is unaffected.
Also, many Germans wrongly use the genitive after prepositions such as nahegemäß and entgegenalthough the dative is required. There are, however, legitimate dative constructions to indicate possession, as in Dem Knaben ist ein Rain single or plural zu eigen. The construction ' zu eigenvirtually appears only in Latin beginners' translations, as the sentence should indicate puero liber est code: lat promoted to code: la.
Some dialects have Dem Knaben ist ein Buch which is literally a dativus possessivus. If a genitive is unmarked and without article practically, in the pluralusage of ' vonfollowed by the dative, is not only legitimate but required, as in: Die Belange von Minderheiten sind zu schützen minorities' affairs are to be protected.
In that case, Belange der Minderheiten would contain a definite article, which does not reflect the intended indefiniteness of Minderheiten ; Minderheiten itself is an unmarked plural, i. it could be any grammatical case.
Additionally, the dative case is commonly used to indicate possession of bodily parts that are the direct objects of an action. Constructions such as Er brach sich den Arm, rain single or plural.
In English, this construction only occurs in the construction to look someone in the eye and its variants. The dative case is used for the indirect object of a verb. The sentence Ich gebe meinem Sohn e einen Hund "I give my son a dog" contains a subject icha verb gebean indirect object meinem Sohn e ; and a direct object einen Hund.
Meinem Sohn e is the to whom or the destination of the object of the subject's action, and therefore takes the masculine dative -m. Dative also focuses on location. See accusative or dative prepositions below. German places strong emphasis on the difference between location and motion; the accusative case is used for motion and the dative for location.
The sentence Ich hänge das Bild an die [ acc. On the other hand, the sentence das Bild hängt an der [ dat. shows location; now, the picture is located on the wall, so Wand is dative. The case of a noun after a preposition is decided by that preposition.
No prepositions require the nominative case, but any other case may follow one; for example, the preposition für for is followed by the accusative case, the word mit with is followed by the dative, and the word außerhalb outside of is followed by the genitive case. Certain prepositions, called "two way prepositions", have objects either in dative or accusative, depending on whether the use rain single or plural position e.
A German nominal phraserain single or plural, in general, consists of the following components in the following order: articlenumber cardinal or ordinaladjective snoungenitive attributeposition srain single or plural, relative clausereflexive pronoun.
the third stunning performance of the drama by Schiller this week in Hamburg. Of course, most noun phrases are not this complicated; adjectives, numbers, genitive attributes, positions, relative clauses and emphasizers are always optional.
A nominal phrase contains at least a cardinal number, an adjective, a pronoun or a noun. It always has an article, except if it is an indefinite plural noun or refers to an uncountable rain single or plural. If the noun is uncountablerain single or plural, an article is not used; otherwise, the meaning of the sentence changes. A nominal phrase can be regarded a single unit.
It has a case, a number, and a gender. Case and number depend on the context, whereas the main noun determines the gender. A nominal phrase may have a genitive attributefor example to express possession.
German grammar - Wikipedia
· Which of the following is a compound sentence? A. Anywhere you want to go, we will follow. B. Erin and Maria are going to the mall, and John is going to the movies. C. Do you want to go to the diner? D. After the rain stopped, the girls decided to go to the park You can also use the plural form skies, especially when you are thinking about the great extent of the sky. The sky suddenly went dark and it started to rain. in the sky What's that in the sky? The sun was shining brightly and there was not a single cloud in the sky. across the sky White clouds moved swiftly across the sky. the night sky; a What is a Noun? The simplest definition of a noun is a thing and nouns are the basic building blocks of blogger.com things can represent a person, animal, place, idea, emotion – almost any thing that you can think blogger.com, Sam, love, phone, Chicago, courage and spaceship are all nouns. The more nouns you know in a language, the better you will be able to communicate your ideas
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